at IBM independently discovered that co-vaporizing carbon and transition metals such as iron and cobalt could specifically catalyze SWCNT formation. The predicted properties for SWCNTs were tantalizing, but a path to synthesizing them was lacking until 1993, when Iijima and Ichihashi at NEC and Bethune et al. These properties are expected to be valuable in many areas of technology, such as electronics, optics, composite materials (replacing or complementing carbon fibers), nanotechnology, and other applications of materials science.
In addition, carbon nanotubes can be chemically modified. Some SWCNT structures exhibit high electrical conductivity while others are semiconductors. Double- and triple-walled carbon nanotubes are special cases of MWCNT.Ĭarbon nanotubes can exhibit remarkable properties, such as exceptional tensile strength and thermal conductivity because of their nanostructure and strength of the bonds between carbon atoms. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes ( MWCNTs) consist of nested single-wall carbon nanotubes in a nested, tube-in-tube structure. They can be idealized as cutouts from a two-dimensional graphene sheet rolled up to form a hollow cylinder. Single-walled carbon nanotubes ( SWCNTs) have diameters around 0.5–2.0 nanometers, about 100,000 times smaller than the width of a human hair. They are one of the allotropes of carbon. A carbon nanotube ( CNT) is a tube made of carbon with a diameter in the nanometer range ( nanoscale).
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